Brew 1/2 cup (120 ml) of strong coffee or pull two shots of espresso. If using instant espresso powder, dissolve it in 1/2 cup of just-boiled water. Set the coffee aside, covered, to keep it hot.
Add the milk, pumpkin puree, brown sugar, pumpkin pie spice, and salt to a small saucepan over medium-low heat. Whisk continuously as the mixture heats, breaking up any clumps. Heat until steam rises and small bubbles form at the edges, about 4 to 5 minutes. Do not let it boil.
Remove the saucepan from the heat and whisk in the vanilla extract. Taste and adjust with an extra pinch of spice or sugar if desired.
Pour the warm pumpkin milk into a heatproof jar or back into the saucepan. Use a handheld milk frother for about 20 to 30 seconds, until a thick layer of foam forms on the surface. Alternatively, whisk vigorously by hand or blend for 10 seconds in a blender with the lid vented.
Divide the brewed coffee evenly between two mugs, about 1/4 cup (60 ml) each. Pour the frothed pumpkin milk over the coffee, holding back the foam with a spoon, then spoon the foam on top. Top with whipped cream and a light dusting of pumpkin pie spice or cinnamon, if using. Serve immediately.
Notes
Don't skip the salt. A small pinch rounds out the sweetness and makes the spices taste more balanced.
Use full-fat milk if you can. Skim milk froths thinner and produces a watery final texture. Oat milk is a great dairy-free alternative that froths well.
Toast the spice in the puree first. Letting the pumpkin puree and spice mix sit in the warm milk for an extra minute before removing from heat deepens the flavor.
Double the pumpkin base and store it. Keep a jar of the pumpkin milk base in the fridge for up to five days so a latte is ready in the time it takes to brew coffee.
Reduce the puree for a stronger pumpkin taste. Simmering the puree alone in the saucepan for 2 minutes before adding the milk concentrates the flavor.
Match your milk to your frother. Oat milk froths almost as well as whole milk, but almond milk tends to separate within a minute and leaves a thinner, less stable foam.
Watch the first minute closely. Stirring constantly for that first minute prevents the puree from sticking to the bottom of the pan.
Warm your mugs first. Rinsing mugs with hot water before pouring keeps the finished latte hot longer.
For an iced version, cool the pumpkin milk base in the fridge, then pour it and the coffee over ice instead of heating.